The Role Of Children During The Civil War - 877 Words

Throughout history many people, places, and ideas have been forgotten, and then there are some that we can never forget. These memories can be different for all societies and cultures. The events that are remembered not only affect those living today, but changes the way future generations live. This type of memory was especially prevalent during the American civil war. It affected the soldiers fighting in the war as well as the children of those who fought. It is vital that we have an awareness about the role of children in the Civil War. The understanding of the children in the civil war is important because it shaped the variety of individuals’ affected, motivated troops to continue fighting, and formed race relationships that would define our country for decades to come. It also helps to show how it is the responsibility of historians to inculcate their audiences to the consequences of past events on all levels to influence decision making on contemporary issues. The Ameri can Civil War took many people from a variety of different backgrounds and bring them all together to be affected by the same sets of ideas. This began to shape the children of the Civil War from all walks of life. Children who lived through the war made it a pivotal moment in their memories which caused them to attribute many of the social, and political characteristics to experiences gained during the war. It also affected the children differently depending on where they lived. The northern childrenShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Women During Post War Period1508 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Women During the post-war period women were getting more opportunities and freedoms within society, while at the same time getting more limitations. Using one’s maternal instinct was a concept that was heavily stressed during this period and made a big impact on their home life and work life. The Cold War was a time where women had a lot of responsibilities to both their family but also society. They were the caretakers and had an incredible amount of work to do in preparation of nuclearRead MoreThe Influence Of Influence On Women s Life During The Civil War1498 Words   |  6 PagesComparison of Influences in Women’s Lives During the Civil War When we think of the Civil War, many think of the sacrifices and influences of the men during this time. Women of the Civil War however, were also active participants of making history (Fahs). The Civil War was the first account in history where women had an active role throughout a war. It was their first opportunity to make a difference in our country’s history. Their lives before the war were that of being proper while working toRead MoreWomen Of The Civil War1329 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we think of the Civil War, many think of the sacrifices and influences of the men during this time. Women of the Civil War however, were also active participants of making history. Their lives before the war were that of being proper. Their focus was working to maintain and support their families. The Civil War stole away the life as women knew it and placed them into a whole different role- one that was much more difficult both physically and emotionally. Women of both the Nort h and theRead MoreBrave And Strong Women During The Civil War Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pages Brave and Strong Women in the Civil War Keyamber Ford Central High School November 9, 2015 4th Period â€Æ' Abstract Women in the Civil War were basically the beginning of a movement, because many people thought that women could not accomplish fighting in a war. The role of women in the Civil War failed to be noticed by people in history. Women’s roles prior to the Civil War were to take care of home and family. Single women or those who were poor could find work outside the homeRead MoreWomen Of The Civil War1553 Words   |  7 PagesWomen of the Civil War The Civil War is a very important part of American history – simply put, it determined what kind of nation the United States would be. The Civil War resolved whether the United States is what determined the survival of the Union or whether the Confederacy would gain independence. It is the battle that determined whether the largest slaveholding country in the world would continue to exist as such since it thrived on the fundamental idea that â€Å"all men are created with an equalRead MoreThe Barry/Bradford Family1442 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the early eighteen hundreds, many southerners entangled themselves and their families in the Civil War. The Civil War caused many men to turn against one another, and the war affected family life as well. â€Å"Approximately 620,000 soldiers died from combat, accident, starvation, and disease during the Civil War.† Most of the battles took place in the South, though some did take place in the North and the West. Southern poli tics and government changed greatly during this time with the new focusRead MoreFor Cause And Comrades By James M. Mcpherson1705 Words   |  7 Pages250 private journals from Civil War soldiers—both Union and Confederate—in his attempt to explain what possessed these men to endure the roaring, gruesome chaos of war. What better way to express the motivation behind fighting than words straight from the pens of the men who were physically there and experienced the Civil War to its fullest? I personally feel as though McPherson succeeded in his explanation of the different driving forces that kept each man going during these difficult years of battleRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The Civil War1418 Words   |  6 Pages The Roles of Women in the Civil War Lakiya Saunders Central High School November 9, 2015 3rd Period â€Æ' Abstract Women’s role in the civil war is very important. One point of time in life women did not have any other role but mother and wife. Being able to help out with war, no matter what it was you were doing was a big turning point for women back then. It brought women a little independence, it gave women a name. The Roles of Women in the Civil War During my research I found several rolesRead MoreWomen s Role During The Civil War1301 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Civil War (Biography.com Editors 2). Women during this time threw away their old ways of being a housewife and everyone helped contribute in the war somehow, whether if they were young or old they helped (History.com Staff 1). Though not often mentioned, women played a huge role in the Civil War. The Women stood up to the plate during the Civil War. The Women s role before the Civil War cleaned, cooked, and took care of their children while the men always worked. During the Civil War, whileRead MoreReconciliation Between Trauma And Healing And Reconciliation1501 Words   |  7 PagesMoreover, fostering a civil society is pivotal in rebuilding a nation. Many scholars have different meanings and interpretations on what civil society actually means. According to Thania Paffenholz and Christoph Spurk, a civil society can be looked as an â€Å"arena of uncoerced collective action around shared interests, purposes and values As a public sphere where citizens and voluntary organizations freely engage, it is distinct from the state, the family and the market, although since civil society is closely

Essay on Influence and Contribution of BuzzFeed in the...

During the digital age, the internet becomes more and more popular. Conversely, the circulation and the advertising revenues of newspapers are vanishing duo to the emergence of internet and audience migration. When most of the news organizations are struggling in digital age, there is a new form of news media growing up on the web that is BuzzFeed. This essay will firstly point out the analysis of this news source and then discuss the influence and contribution of BuzzFeed in the public sphere. BuzzFeed is a rapidly growing social news and entertaining website, which founded in 2006 by Jonah Peretti (BuzzFeed, n.d.). The majority of audiences are about 20 to 30 year old and also large portion of readers are in 30s to 40s (Moore, 2013). In†¦show more content†¦For substantive content, BuzzFeed offer in-depth coverage in some issues (BuzzFeed, n.d.). In other words, the hard news which is similar to the traditional news coverage is covered in BuzzFeed. Unlike other traditional media companies’ revenue model, BuzzFeed provides advertorial or social advertising, but not banner ads. Advertorial is advertising which format is similar to editorial (Moore, 2013). BuzzFeed creative team will work with the advertisers to make advertising sharable and attract the readers’ attention to read through the ads rather than skim through the ads (Moore, 2013). As matter of fact, Peretti (as cited in Hagey, 2012) makes sure that BuzzFeed refuses traditional banner ads and he believes advertorial is better form of advertising because readers a more willing to pay attention on this rather than the banner ads. Furthermore, readers may even share the ads on the internet to even broader audience. Indeed, about 40% additional advertising views were gotten from the sharing because people are more interest in what friends recommended to them (Hagey, 2012). It is also the principle why stories in BuzzFeed can spread out as fast as ‘viralà ¢â‚¬â„¢. In 2013, almost all of the revenues of BuzzFeed are generated by social advertising (Moore, 2013) and according to Peretti (2013), BuzzFeed is now making profit thought the investment has not been recovered. As a result, as mentioned above, it showed that BuzzFeed is a successful new mediaShow MoreRelatedDigital Journalism And Its Impact On Society2418 Words   |  10 Pageswelcome incorporation to the academic curriculum or the news industry, but in today’s day and age many will agree that online journalism is a vital and durable platform for the global communications landscape and that it will have as noteworthy an influence on society as news from traditional mediums has done, such as newspapers, magazines, television, etc. (Kevin Kawamoto, 2003) With digital journalism advancing, how sure are we that the Internet is actually helping news agencies transmit their news

Master of Teaching Enhance Skill

Question: Discuss about theMaster of Teaching for Enhance Skill. Answer: Introduction The main aim of the report is to identify the how professional learning can be used to support student learning. The main may is to identify how professional degrees can be used to improve the students learning and knowledge in class. Teachers are the most essential part of the students life and without teachers it is not possible to gain knowledge that is required by students to enhance skill and talent that student posses. Through the evidence gathered the report identifies the learning needs of the student. The author uses the literature review to support its argument. It identifies the various learning needs of students below standard eight mathematics class. There are various teaching stratifies that the teachers can use to develop and improve the knowledge that the students possess and improve the learning ability. The survey was done on the class of twenty girls who were studied in class 8 that came from different cultural backgrounds. The class consists of mixed range of stud ents with physical disability, and diverse learning abilities. Three students have moved to Australia from china. These students have very good mathematical skill but they struggle with literacy and other subjects. The report identifies the literacy in mathematical classroom and identifies how the teachers knowledge and professional degree can improve and support students learning. There are various learning needs to improve the students mathematical knowledge and literacy. The main identified common learning need is improvement in literacy help. The most common problem with the student who has moved from china to Australia is with the literacy knowledge of mathematics (AAMT, 2014). Body The students in a class come with different background culture and know different languages. The major problem with students coming from different countries or places is that the languages known to them are different. To understand the mathematics terminology and words it is essential for the students to know the language that is used in class or the most common language that is English. Mathematics is not only about equations and calculations. It has various terms that require students to have literature knowledge and for this the students needs literacy support. There are wide range of learning needs that are identified that include wide diversity of students, low literacy, inability to retain and recall information, and learning disabilities that can be the reason for low literacy and numeracy. There are many strategies and actions that can be used to meet these learning needs and assist students to maximize their learning (Cooper et al., 2014). The common problem identified for the majority of students is the low literacy skills. The evidence shows that the students often misinterpret the words that are used in mathematics that often lead them to take out the answer that are wrong. Evidence shows that the students have mathematical knowledge but it is due to the lack of literacy skills that creates more problems. The survey conducted showed that the students were given a sum that included least word in it which the students misinterpreted. The survey showed that the students who moved to Australia from China also had the problem of low literacy skill. The other problem that students also have is lack of motivation to learn mathematics and taking up new challenge to solve them (Alderman, 2013). These three students mathematically are well ahead of rest of the class buy they struggle with mathematical terminology and worded mathematics problem. Due to lack of literacy skills students are unable to give proper title for the gr aphs in the assignment due to which they often loose marks. Giving inaccurate answer also goes against literacy continuum strand. The evidence shows that not all students lack literacy skill to interpret the mathematical results. Some of the students have profound mathematical knowledge along with good literacy skills. They are the ones who can interpret the mathematical results well and also give appropriate graph title as the result from the evidence shows (Brophy, 2013). There are various strategies that can be implemented by teachers to address and highlight the issue of low literacy skills in students especially for the ones who come from different background and countries. Literacy skill is the most essential, skill that the students should have. If the students do not have the knowledge for what variable should the problem be solved then the problem arises not only for the students but also for the teachers that teach the subject. The issue is serious in case of mathematics because misinterpretation of even one word in the sum will give the wrong result. Hence it is essential for the schools and teachers to solve the problem and improve the core standards of literacy skills in students (Cooper et al., 2014). The teachers should give special emphasis to the students who are migrant from China and has come to Australia to gain knowledge. The teachers or the professionals can arrange for special classes or extra hours to teach and solve the problems that students face in case of literacy skills. The lessons that the teacher plans to teach in one particular class should be planned. The teacher then should give few extra minutes to go over vocabulary and make the students add the basic terminology and words that are being used for the particular problem (Tomlinson, 2014). This will help the students on understanding the basic terminologies and words that will be used in the lesson. Teachers should assist students to decode the questions. Harsh rules should not be implied on students specially the ones who are not acquainted with the language that is being used. They should be given an opportunity to use alternative formats for assessing the task unless they are able to fully develop the liter acy skills that are acceptable (Kolb, 2014). Proper interaction and communication with students is also one of the strategies that can be used by the professionals to support the learning needs. The teachers are the ones that create a comfortable environment for the students. It is the responsibility of the teachers to make the students feel safe to work in groups so that the students can raise the problem freely and interact with the teachers. The teachers should interact with the students and know the problems that they face. Individual attention should be give to the ones who are poor in development of literacy skills especially to the students who have come from china. This provides students with an opportunity to use mathematical vocabulary language in class which will over time benefit their literacy skills. It is also essential for the teachers to know the students background in order to teach them and understand their problem (Laurillard, 2013). Many students also lack motivation to take up new challenge. In this case it is essential for the teachers to motivate the students by creating a new learning experience and making the vocabulary more interesting. New ways of teaching should be adopted by teachers to make the lessons more interesting. Students also face with the problem of inability to retain the lesson learned in class for long period of time. It is essential concern as learning and retaining the lessons is the key to success. The surveyed showed that students were unable to answer the questions that were asked the very next day from the chapter being taught. For example if the problems on graphical solution was taught on day one and if the students were asked questions based on that on day two the result showed that the students failed to recall the concepts (Moon, 2013). There are many strategies that can be used to solve the problem of retaining and recalling the concepts taught in class. These include state-dependent recall, done by making connections with what students are learning to something such as various rooms, objects or information that help in the recalling process. Another strategy is chunking, rather than remembering individual information, chunking it up by connections makes it easier to retain and recall. Spaced repetition suggests that it is important to increase time intervals between subsequent reviews of previously learned material. So revision of the previous lesson in the first few minutes of every lesson has proven to enhance student learning and understanding (Van et al.,2013).This can be done by simple techniques such as asking questions and through peer discussions. The students who have problem in retaining and recalling information should be given the experience of visual aid so that they dont have problem in retaining the information and concept. Proper notes should be given to students so that they can go home and revise the concepts in order to retain the solution. Proper instructions should be given to students stressing the main ideas for the lessons. It is essential for the teachers to have good knowledge of the subject that they teach. Without the knowledge of the subject the teachers wont be able to make the ideas that they want to convey (Silver, 2013). Research Questions The main aim of the report is to discuss and examine the following research questions: How can the professionals support the students learning needs and develop the literacy skills to improve the mathematical knowledge? What is the effect of increasing the literacy focus on word problem solving skills in a grade eight mathematics class? Literature Review Many concepts are there to explain the concepts of development of literacy skills in mathematical knowledge. Literacy focus refers to the challenges that the linguistics have in learning mathematics. These include the English terms that are used in mathematics such as least, maximum and other linguistics. It also includes understanding proper mathematical terminologies such as trigonometry, compound interests, annuities and others (Race, 2014). Word problem also known as problem solving refers to the mathematical problems or questions expressed in terms of hypothetical situation explained in terms of paragraphs or sentences. Word problem is theoretical explanation of mathematical questions. It is essential for the students to be efficient in both English and mathematics in order to solve the word problems. It is essential for the students to have ability to translate the sentence or the paragraph into mathematical equations to solve the problem. For this the students must be efficient in both English and mathematics (Brown Chandrasekaran, 2014). The main aim of discussing this section of the report is to identify the issue of linguistics in teaching and learning mathematics that faces English as an additional language. Within a mathematic classroom, particularly during the senior years, linguistic issues are predominantly encountered in word problems (Whimbey et al.,2013). It is also essential to identify the most difficult component of mathematics that is word problems. The review investigates a range of Australian and international policies, research findings and articles; to evaluate the significance of the issue that is considered general from students and teachers perspectives. In addition, strategies and practices that could help students overcome linguistic barriers and improve word problem solving skills are gathered (Hopkins, 2014). The Significance of Issue The main issue of linguistic challenge arises is due to diversity of students. These are the students that need additional help in English in developing literacy skills. These are the students that come from another country such as Australia to learn and study. Since the Australian language is different from Chinese it is essential for these students to understand the linguistic in which the theory is being taught in class. Before a student can apply the trigonometric knowledge to calculate the answer to the word problem it is essential to overcome the challenges from both English and the language of mathematics; for example angle of depression, trigonometry, and other word problems and concepts. As a result, the students of class eight are targeted in order to uncover educational approaches and strategies that could help these students overcome the challenges of word problems during their senior years (Earl, 2012). From Students Perspective The linguistic learning need relates to students who are struggling to simultaneously deal with the difficult mathematics subject content, the language of mathematics and the topical English language. Developing literacy skills helps the student get a clear picture of mathematical knowledge (Xin et al., 2005). Mastering the language of mathematics involves shifting from everyday reading, writing and informal ways of construing knowledge into subject-specific, technical and academic ways that are necessary for disciplinary learning in mathematics. The main issue that hinders the growth of the student in the class is the differences in the linguistics knowledge and value (DuFour Marzano, 2015). Strategies and Practices that Help Learning and Teaching Language in Mathematics Classrooms The study shows that it is essential to encourage students to work cooperatively with each other in a group so that they get new ideas and knowledge to learn and develop literacy skill. It is also essential to teach students for conceptual understanding and develop childrens procedural literacy. It is also essential for the teachers to promote strategic competence through meaningful problem solving investigation. The teachers should have ability to demonstrate acceptance of students divergent ideas. The teachers and the professional should also have the ability to influence learning by posing challenging and interesting questions. It is also essential for the teachers to motivate students to take new challenges. The teachers should also believe in their students that they will be able to do mathematics and solve the problem. Mathematics is not magical or mysterious in nature (DuFour DuFour, 2013). The students should take up the challenge of solving the problems. Practice makes the man perfect. So it is essential for the students to practice the questions effectively at home. It is also essential for the students to be able to manipulate the results and use various representations to communicate the mathematical knowledge and ideas. It is essential for the teachers to make the theory and literature more innovative such as using color tiles to build in term a sequence and working in groups. The professional learning continues evaluating texts and strategies evaluating a personal interpretation of a text critically (Buehl, 2013). Conclusion Developing professional learning to develop literacy skills and learning is essential in order for the development of students knowledge. Fostering mathematical skills require a rich and healthy environment. It is not only essential to develop mathematical skills but it is also essential to understand the problems and transform it into mathematical equations. For this the student requires a great literacy skill and linguistic understanding. The main learning needs that hinder the growth of students are the lack of motivation, lack of power to retain and recover the concept, and lack of literacy skills. The teachers can formulate strategies to develop the literacy skills. Students diversity is the main issue due to which it is essential for the teachers to develop the literacy skills. References AAMT. (2014). THE AUSTRALIAN ASSOCIATION OF MATHEMATICS TEACHERS INC.supporting and promoting mathematics education. Retrieved October 20, 2014, from AAMT 2015 conference: https://www.aamt.edu.au/Conferences/AAMT-2015-conference Alderman, M. K. (2013).Motivation for achievement: Possibilities for teaching and learning. Routledge. Brophy, J. E. (2013).Motivating students to learn. Routledge. Brown, D. C., Chandrasekaran, B. (2014).Design problem solving: knowledge structures and control strategies. Morgan Kaufmann. Buehl, D. (2013).Classroom strategies for interactive learning. International Reading Assoc.. Cooper, J. D., Robinson, M., Slansky, J., Kiger, N. D. (2014).Literacy: Helping students construct meaning. Cengage Learning. Cooper, J. D., Robinson, M., Slansky, J., Kiger, N. D. (2014).Literacy: Helping students construct meaning. Cengage Learning. DuFour, R., DuFour, R. (2013).Learning by Doing: A Handbook for Professional Learning Communities at Work TM. Solution Tree Press. DuFour, R., Marzano, R. J. (2015).Leaders of learning: How district, school, and classroom leaders improve student achievement. Solution Tree Press. Earl, L. M. (2012).Assessment as learning: Using classroom assessment to maximize student learning. Corwin Press. Hopkins, D. (2014).A teacher's guide to classroom research. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Kolb, D. A. (2014).Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Laurillard, D. (2013).Rethinking university teaching: A conversational framework for the effective use of learning technologies. Routledge. Moon, J. A. (2013).Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. Routledge. Race, P. (2014).The lecturer's toolkit: a practical guide to assessment, learning and teaching. Routledge. Silver, E. A. (Ed.). (2013).Teaching and learning mathematical problem solving: Multiple research perspectives. Routledge. Tomlinson, C. A. (2014).Differentiated classroom: Responding to the needs of all learners. Ascd. Van Voorhis, F. L., Maier, M. F., Epstein, J. L., Lloyd, C. M. (2013). The Impact of Family Involvement on the Education of Children Ages 3 to 8: A Focus on Literacy and Math Achievement Outcomes and Social-Emotional Skills.MDRC. Whimbey, A., Lochhead, J., Narode, R. (2013).Problem solving comprehension. Routledge. Xin, Y. P., Jitendra, A. K., Deatline-Buchman, A. (2005). Effects of mathematical word ProblemSolving instruction on middle school students with learning problems.The Journal of Special Education,39(3), 181-192.

Ambiguous Claims Quiz Essay Example

Ambiguous Claims Quiz Essay Ambiguous Claims Quiz I (See related pages) Your Results: The correct answer for each question is indicated by a . Identify the ambiguity in these examples. 1 A claim whose ambiguity is due to the ambiguity of a particular word or phrase. B) Semantic ambiguity. 2 A claim whose ambiguity is due to a problem with its structure. B) Syntactic ambiguity. 3 A claim whose ambiguity rests on a confusion between a collection of entities or individual entities. A) Grouping ambiguity. 4 This morning I shot an elephant in my pajamas. B) Syntactic Ambiguity 5 Hands were around before forks were. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity 6 Our mothers bore us. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity 7 I thought your driveway was longer than it is. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity 8 Newspaper headline: Unskilled Workers Get Shot at Jobs. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity Americans have shown themselves willing to drop nuclear weapons. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity 10 Dad, for my lunch tomorrow you should peel the star fruit and then cut it into pieces and put them in a plastic bag. Its easier that way. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity 11 Sign in front of a vacant lot: Fine for Littering. A) Semantic Ambiguity B) Syntactic Ambiguity C) Grouping Ambiguity D) No ambiguity We will write a custom essay sample on Ambiguous Claims Quiz specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ambiguous Claims Quiz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ambiguous Claims Quiz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Photography Essays (991 words) - Optics, Single-lens Reflex Camera

Photography Photography Photography is a technique of producing permanent images on sensitized surfaces by means of the photochemical action of light or other forms of radiant energy. In today's society, photography plays important roles as an information medium, as a tool in science and technology, and as an art form, and it is also a popular hobby. It is essential at every level of business and industry, being used in advertising, documentation, photojournalism, and many other ways. Scientific research, ranging from the study of outer space to the study of the world of subatomic particles, relies heavily on photography as a tool. In the 19th century, photography was the domain of a few professionals because it required large cameras and glass photographic plates. During the first decades of the 20th century, however, with the introduction of roll film and the box camera, it came within the reach of the public as a whole. Today the industry offers amateur and professional photographers a large variety of cameras and accessories. See also Motion Picture. The Camera and Its Accessories Modern cameras operate on the basic principle of the camera obscura (see Historical Development, below). Light passing through a tiny hole, or aperture, into an otherwise lightproof box casts an image on the surface opposite the aperture. The addition of a lens sharpens the image, and film makes possible a fixed, reproducible image. The camera is the mechanism by which film can be exposed in a controlled manner. Although they differ in structural details, modern cameras consist of four basic components: body, shutter, diaphragm, and lens. Located in the body is a lightproof chamber in which film is held and exposed. Also in the body, located opposite the film and behind the lens, are the diaphragm and shutter. The lens, which is affixed to the front of the body, is actually a grouping of optical glass lenses. Housed in a metal ring or cylinder, it allows the photographer to focus an image on the film. The lens may be fixed in place or set in a movable mount. Objects located at various distances from the camera can be brought into sharp focus by adjusting the distance between the lens and the film. The diaphragm, a circular aperture behind the lens, operates in conjunction with the shutter to admit light into the lighttight chamber. This opening may be fixed, as in many amateur cameras, or it may be adjustable. Adjustable diaphragms are composed of overlapping strips of metal or plastic that, when spread apart, form an opening of the same diameter as the lens; when meshed together, they form a small opening behind the center of the lens. The aperture openings correspond to numerical settings, called f-stops, on the camera or the lens. The shutter, a spring-activated mechanical device, keeps light from entering the camera except during the interval of exposure. Most modern cameras have focal-plane or leaf shutters. Some older amateur cameras use a drop-blade shutter, consisting of a hinged piece that, when released, pulls across the diaphragm opening and exposes the film for about 1/30th of a second. In the leaf shutter, at the moment of exposure, a cluster of meshed blades springs apart to uncover the full lens aperture and then springs shut. The focal-plane shutter consists of a black shade with a variable-size slit across its width. When released, the shade moves quickly across the film, exposing it progressively as the slit moves. Most modern cameras also have some sort of viewing system or viewfinder to enable the photographer to see, through the lens of the camera, the scene being photographed. Single-lens reflex cameras all incorporate this design feature, and almost all general-use cameras have some form of focusing system as well as a film-advance mechanism. Camera Designs Cameras come in a variety of configurations and sizes. The first cameras, "pinhole" cameras, had no lens. The flow of light was controlled simply by blocking the pinhole. The first camera in general use, the box camera, consists of a wooden or plastic box with a simple lens and a drop-blade shutter at one end and a holder for roll film at the other. The box camera is equipped with a simple viewfinder that shows the extent of the picture area. Some models have, in addition, one or two diaphragm apertures and a simple focusing device. The view camera, used primarily by professionals, is the camera closest in design to early cameras that is still in widespread use. Despite the unique capability of the view camera, however, other camera types, because of their greater versatility, are more commonly used by both amateurs and professionals. Chief among

Contemporary issues in Multimedia and IT

Contemporary issues in Multimedia and IT Ethics are the principles that dictate right and wrong, and act as agents of decision making guidelines of behavior. On the other hand, laws are rules developed by an administrative system to combat crime. Most ethical issues are consequences of individuals trying to make decisions within or without the law that govern a system.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Contemporary issues in Multimedia and IT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When computers were first invented , scientists said that the whole of America would only need six computers for its operations. A couple of decades later, information highway has grown so fast that every household at least owns a computer. Computers have evolved from the bulky gadgets they used to be, to pocket size gadgets, making it easier for individuals to own. Businesses are run easily through computers, for instance shopping malls and food joints have created sites through which pe ople can select items and have them delivered to them. Marketing has been made easier as consultants don’t have to meet with their clients face to face. Introduction of e-learning in most academic institutions has helped create more learning opportunities while saving time and space. Academic research by students has been simplified because they no longer need to carry bulky books. Besides, many job opportunities have been created for information technology specialists. Just like any inventions, Information technology has its merits and demerits. Therefore, it is in order for governments to come up with strategies to regulate the use of information technology gadgets as a precautionary measure against information technology stress caused by security breach in the private or public network systems. Though the invention of internet networking has facilitated the transformation of the world into a global village, eminent threats on security of information systems is real. Thus, this reflective treatise analyses contemporary issues in information technology and multimedia. A big wave of positive change was seen in various fields such as education, business, and politics among others. Unfortunately, Criminals saw this as an opportunity for fraudulent deals. For instance, hackers, crackers and stalkers took advantage of this wave of change to unlawfully access private information that could harm companies (Moore, 2006, pp.101-105). In response, the government introduced the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. As stipulated by this law, trespassers of protected computers were to be prosecuted. The CFAA merged with the National Information Infrastructure Act to create a compact regulatory law on information technology. Given that dependence levels on technology have increased, the advances in data storage have made the process cheaper, hence are used by local retail firms to identify customers.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, the, major search firms such as Google, yahoo, and messenger generates more than 200million searches per year. Therefore, a lot of information can be found about an individual through their profiles and blogs. Information perceived as private can viewed in public social sites. This heightens ethical concerns because a lot of information is out and can be misused. These laws made it illegal for any unauthorized person to access private computer network for financial gains. CFAA in its current jurisdiction protects users and operators against computer related crimes such as obtaining national security information through illegal entry into Federal computers with the aim of harming the state, and for the benefit of another state. This law is punishable whether information was acquired or not. Besides, the law is clear on the illegal entry of a protected computer to access financial or credit information, includ ing credit card fraud (Solove and Schwartz, 2009, p. 43). Moreover, unauthorized access of any protected computer used by the Federal government or the government computer agencies is also included. It can be considered as treason if one is found hacking into the state’s security systems. Since data has become easily accessible, government security agencies have come up with detailed and advanced security systems. They can obtain information on suspects of terrorism and security threat. In the automated scan systems, possession of illegal weapon, drugs, and other material perceive harmful to the public can be detected. At global level, intentionally damaging, either through corrupting by viruses or physical destruction of a protected computer and worms program that can make information disappear or even disable a system intentionally is punishable in the International Law Court. Physical destruction includes trashing or removing some parts of the machine to put a halt to norm al functioning ability (Solove and Schwartz, 2009, p. 50). Illegal trafficking of passwords or any other information which can be used to gain access to a protected computer for whatsoever purpose is illegal. This law was mainly put to stop the hackers from cracking passwords and accessing information systems for information, and using them to corrupt the information systems. The above laws makes it illegal for one to access information without permission from the owner, the operator or the management information system, especially information on business operations or national defense. This covered all the data on atomic weapons manufacture and storage in the United States (Solove and Schwartz, 2009, p. 55).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Contemporary issues in Multimedia and IT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The electronic communications privacy act is a law which was passed to regulate efficiency of Informatio n technology. This law makes it illegal to tap information without authorization. Besides, it protects information transmitted through wire, radio, electromagnetic waves, and optical wave tracks that affect business transactions of the state. Cyber Security Enhancement Act was passed together with the Homeland Security Act to increase penalties set in the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. CSEA reduced the thoroughness of privacy and made it easier for the ISP to hand over information to the government whenever the relevant authority suspects unlawful dealing in the local networks. This law passed harsh punishment on persons who knowingly committed computer crimes that resulted in physical injury or even death (Solove and Schwartz, 2009, p. 53).Those who have established their careers in business, should sensitize their employees ICT departments to safeguard the quality of the systems and hence protecting privacy of society. The digital millennium copyright act mainly protects programs a nd soft wares against piracy. This law was put in place to help people who operated their businesses online from having their products duplicated. This law promotes the sale of soft wares and programs that help parents control what their children view in the interne (Tim and Paul, 2004, p.46). Traditional laws can also be used to prosecute crimes committed on computers. For instance, Economic Espionage Act makes it illegal for one to steal information or ideas from another business through copyright or duplication for any reasons whatsoever. This law also spells out the boundaries of benefitting from other information systems in place by either competitors or perceived rival. The Virginia internet policy act advocates for freedom of information, penalties on persons who commit computer crimes, and protection of children from explicit pornographic materials and indecent images on the internet. Before, children were used by perverts to boost business and the websites at the expense of their rights. Another law is the software privacy and control act. This act deals with the criminals who register online under false identity, and commit online fraudulent crimes on the domain receptor. However, providing false information without getting involved in criminal activities is excused (Tim and Paul, 2004, p.46).Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite the numerous efforts by the government, internet criminals somehow find a new route in committing cyber crimes frequently. Factually, it is not very easy to detect a cyber crime until its consequences surface. Smarter hacking minds have developed complex ideas of invading the snares and traps constantly revised by the government information technology experts (Warren and Louis, 1989, pp.89-97). Even the most secured sites such as that of the homeland security and Microsoft report numerous attempts of hacking on their websites. Funnily, some of these crimes are only meant o draw attention and disapprove the security system of the targeted sites. In the recent part, a group in America threatened to close down face book site for what they called breach of personal privacy and stalking by the government. Hackers have decided to corrupt the system with graphic images, just for satisfaction of having control over this global site (Trout, 2007, p.43). This however does not mean tha t we are completely hopeless against finding solutions to deal with these intelligent minds who find pleasure in putting a halt to global growth and development on the facets of information exchange. The existing laws may not be perfect, by some how are effective in minimizing the intensity of information system abuse. In the recent past, many successful abuse cases have passed through the court system on sms or email abuse. Governments still deal with threats to life and properties sent via email, as punishable under traditional laws. Governments also need to introduce e-governance, like in Bangladesh, which make control and review of laws of the internet much easier to implement. Through this, governments will easily deal with the increasing innovative techniques of web piracy hacking and cracking (Tim and Paul, 2004, p.49). The implementation of these laws may be hindered by administrative obstacles. For instance, lack of trust and faith on a government by its citizens may make f ighting cyber crime a hectic procedure. Due to this, citizens may shy away from reporting instances of cyber crimes committed or fail to cooperate with the authority in investigations. However, the overhead cost of adopting e-governance is very heavy on most governments. With the current unfavorable economic climate, the priorities of most governments are to ensure costs of any project are within manageable limits. Besides, there is an inadequate specialized skill in information technology across the globe to monitor and constantly track the ever complex crimes undergoing metamorphosis. Reference List Moore, R. (2006) Cybercrime: Investigating High-Technology Computer Crime, 1st ed., Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing Solove, D. and Schwartz, P. (2009) Privacy, Information, and Technology, 2nd Ed., New York, NY: Aspen Publishers Tim, J, and Paul, T. (2004) Hacktivism and Cyberwars, Alabama: Routledge Trout, B. (2007) Cyber Law: A Legal Arsenal for Online Business, New York: World Audience, Inc. Warren, R. and Louis, B. (1989) The Right to Privacy, 4 Harv. L. Rev. 193., Massachusetts: Harvard University Publications

Supporting Evidence Based Practices through Research Essay

Supporting Evidence Based Practices through Research - Essay Example To Student 1: I agree that Career Ladder, Nursing Research Mentors and the Research/EBP Council provide great opportunities and encouragement toward promoting organizational commitment, best practices in clinical environments and patient outcomes through in-depth research. There is no better moment than finding a solution to a patient’s health problem that has been plaguing him (or her) for years. It is most important that all nurses learn how to conduct research within a multitude of platforms available, such as electronic databases, online libraries, electronic journal repositories, and through reviewing cases histories (Melnyk&Fineout-Overholt 2011). I have found that research provides a good foundation in continuing to educate myself in those most common issues found in healthcare and to question what is currently in place so as to make it better. There are new drugs being tested all the time and a patient might finally obtain relief by being willing to try something new (Webb 2011). Using the NIRNM provides me with experience in learning and understanding the process of IRB approval and how I can do my own research using MEDline, CONHAL and Cochrane Review.